Literary elements and devices are basic to a
critical evaluation of young adult literature.
Literary Elements
Features
that make up a story.
-
Antagonist:
the person or force that works against the hero of the story
-
Character:
the person, animal, or creature in the story
-
Conflict:
the problem or struggle between two opposing forces
o Person
against person
o Person
against self
o Person
against society
o Person
against nature
-
Mood
& Tone: the feeling the literature creates
-
Plot:
the action that makes the story
o Exposition,
Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action and Resolution
-
Protagonist:
main character in the story (positive type)
-
Setting:
where and when the story takes place
-
Themes:
the message or lesson the writer is trying to tell or the reader is to learn
Literary Devices
A
technique writers use to make special effects in pieces of literature.
-
Allegory:
a symbol that has a hidden meaning
(usually moral)
-
Allusion:
reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work to add meaning
for enrichment
-
Archetype:
an original that has been imitated, a typical person or thing
-
Deus
ex machine: an unexpected power or event that
helps a hopeless situation
-
Hyperbole:
stretched exaggeration for emphasis or humor
-
Imagery:
Words or phrases that deal with the five senses
-
Metaphor:
comparing two things without using “like” or “as”
-
Motif:
element, subject, idea or concept that is constantly present throughout the
entire piece of literature
-
Point
of View: the perspective of where the story is
told
o 1st
person: narrator is character
o 3rd
person: narrator is outside the story
-
Simile:
comparing two things using “like” or “as”
-
Symbolism:
person, place, or thing that represents something beyond itself
Reflection
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